JOHN GREEN CROSSE
Surgeon


John Green Crosse was the son of William Cross of Little Finborough and Ann Green of Stowmarket and was born on the 6th of September 1790 at Boyton Hall, Great Finborough. In 1802 the family moved to Hill House, Little Finborough within sight of Little Finborough church where several generations of the Cross family rest in the churchyard. His ancestors can be traced back to a Thomas Cross who owned land in the parish and who’s will was proved in 1505.
It seems John's father wanted him to go into the legal profession, but John had the ambition to become a doctor which originated one day when he was returning from school in Stowmarket, "

The man who had healed John's leg was Thomas Bayly of Stowmarket, his great-grandfather and grandfather had lived at Abbots Hall, a large house in the town and his father had been a surgeon at Norwich.


THOMAS BAYLY. 

In 1806 John Green Crosse was apprenticed to the same Thomas Bayly, and among his first acts was to start a journal of his daily experiences. The diary starts
"Die Lunae Augustii 18 1806. Came to Mr. Bayly's. Rolled up pills etc". 
Among his duties were to keep the surgery clean and tidy, arranging labelling and dusting the bottles and entering up the books. Gradually he took on more responsibilities. On 14th September he performed his first surgical operation,
"Drew a tooth this morning before breakfast, for the first time".
Social events were also recorded, there was a fair at Woolpit, "Haymaking in the orchard", and Bury fair. On November 21st he went "coursing with the Boby’s, but did not find a hare". On 10th November 1807 there was a "dance at Mr. Ward’s of Tothill where much harmony and good nature prevailed and did not get home until a quarter before five, being obliged to walk, and alone too". It seemed quite normal for these events to run on through the night well into the morning, the year 1810 started with a "Large party, both old and young. Danced till supper at 12 t
John was also quite accomplished musician, playing the flute and on at least one occasion playing the organ at the parish church.
In 1811 his 5 year apprenticeship with Thomas Bayly was completed. At that time it was normal practice for the medical profession to undergo this period of practical work and then to embark on learning the theory by attending series of lecture and working in one of the teaching hospitals in London, and so John left Stowmarket for the capital.
He entered St. George’s hospital and in 1813 became a member of The Royal College Of Surgeons. He spent a short period in Dublin assisting a Professor of anatomy, this involved him in acquiring bodies for dissection. The only source of these was from robbed graves, this was common practice although illegal and this part of the journal makes chilling reading. After a visit to Paris to observe the hospitals and medical schools there, now that they were once more accessible after the Napoleonic Wars he settled in Norwich. There were visits to his family in Little Finborough and to keep in touch with his old master.
It was clear from his journal that he had been fond of one of Thomas Bayly's daughters, Dorothy, and on 18th May 1816 they were married in Stowmarket Parish church. 
In Norwich he set up a private practice and was appointed a surgeon to the Norfolk and Norwich Hospital, he built up a national and even international reputation as a surgeon, especially for the removable of stones a condition that was particularly prevalent in the Norwich area.
He died in 1850 at the age of 59 and is buried in the cloisters of Norwich Cathedral.


J.G.Crosse's grave in Norwich Cathedral.

There is also a memorial window dedicated to him in St. Lukes Chapel in the Cathedral.


The memorial window

His Journal and other personal papers are kept at the Norfolk Record Office, Norwich and his medical notebooks at the Royal Society of Medicine.
For anyone who would like to find out more there is a book on his life entitled "A Surgeon in the Early Nineteenth Century" by V. Mary Crosse, his great grand daughter. [E.&S. Livingstone Ltd. 1968] Which contains many extracts from the journal.

LAVINIA CROSSE
The Convent and Community of All Hallows, Ditchingham was founded in 1855 by Lavinia Crosse, a daughter of John Green Crosse. She became the Community's first supervisor and was known as Mother Lavinia. In 1862 Mother Lavinia applied to Norfolk & Norwich Hospital for Sisters to be trained as nurses.
In 1872 a Hospital was set up in a cottage in Ditchingham, this soon proved too small and work began on the present building, which was opened a year later.

THOMAS BAYLY [1749-1834]
Thomas Bayly's  death notice in The Bury And Norwich Post states on 19/3/1834 "Died. On Tuesday the 11th inst., at Stowmarket, greatly beloved and respected, Thos. BAYLY, Esq., one of the oldest members of the medical profession, which he practised successfully for half a century at that place, esteemed scarcely less for his general humanity than for the services he was enabled to perform as an accomplished and able surgeon. By temperance and an easy mind, he assured the full benefits of a good constitution, living to a good old age, having nearly completed his 85th year. The close of his life was happily spent in ease and retirement, on the same spot where had been the scene of his active exertions, and the whole of his truly useful career was marked by a cheerfulness, urbanity, and kind heartedness, which shed a continued ray of blessing over the circle of his family and acquaintances."


Thomas and Ann Bayly's grave in Stowmarket Churchyard

Ancestry of Thomas Bayly
Thomas Bayly married 3 July 1780 Ann Payne [1757 -1835]. 
They had 4 daughters - 
Dorothy Ann who married John Green Crosse 18th May 1816.
Susan Malden who married William Ransom 25 Apr 1812
Mary Frances 
Eliza 

Parents - John Bayly, surgeon. Baptised St. Johns Timberhill, Norwich and Dorothy Fittz of Norwich.
Grandparents - Thomas Bayly [1677- ?] and Sarah daughter of John and Ann Mackerell.
Great Grandfather - Thomas Bayly of Stowmarket, worsted weaver.


STOWMARKET HISTORY AND HERITAGE
 
2007
email neil@stowman.plus.com